What Are Some Influences of the Pop Art Phenomenon

"Pop is everything art hasn't been for the final 2 decades. Information technology's basically a U-turn dorsum to a representational visual communication, moving at a break-away speed...Pop is a re-enlistment in the world...It is the American Dream, optimistic, generous and naïve."

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"Buying is more American than thinking, and I'm every bit American as they come."

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"Everybody has called Pop Fine art 'American' painting, but it's actually industrial painting. America was hitting by industrialism and capitalism harder and sooner and its values seem more askew... I think the pregnant of my work is that it's industrial, it'due south what all the world will soon become."

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"Pop is everything art hasn't been for the last two decades...Information technology springs newborn out of a boredom with the finality and over-saturation of Abstract Expressionism, which, past its own esthetic logic, is the Cease of art, the glorious elevation of the long pyramidal artistic procedure. Stifled by this rarefied temper, some immature painters turn back to some less exalted things similar Coca-Cola, ice-cream sodas, big hamburgers, super-markets and 'EAT' signs. They are heart-hungry; they pop..."

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"Everything is beautiful. Popular is everything."

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"A Coke is a Coke and no amount of money can get yous a better Coke than the i the bum on the corner is drinking. All the Cokes are the same and all the Cokes are practiced. Liz Taylor knows it, the President knows it, the bum knows information technology, and you know it."

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"[Popular Art is:] Pop (designed for a mass audience); transient (short-term solution); expendable (easily forgotten); low price; mass produced; young (aimed at youth); witty; sexy; contemporary; glamorous; and last but non least, Big Business organisation."

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Summary of Pop Art

Pop Art's refreshing reintroduction of identifiable imagery, drawn from media and popular civilisation, was a major shift for the direction of modernism. With roots in Neo-Dada and other movements that questioned the very definition of "art" itself, Pop was birthed in the United kingdom in the 1950s amidst a postwar socio-political climate where artists turned toward celebrating commonplace objects and elevating the everyday to the level of fine art. American artists Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, James Rosenquist and others would shortly follow suit to go the most famous champions of the movement in their own rejection of traditional historic artistic subject matter in lieu of gimmicky society's ever-present infiltration of mass manufactured products and images that dominated the visual realm. Perhaps owing to the incorporation of commercial images, Pop Art has become one of the most recognizable styles of modernistic fine art.

Key Ideas & Accomplishments

• By creating paintings or sculptures of mass culture objects and media stars, the Pop Art motility aimed to blur the boundaries between "high" art and "low" culture. The concept that in that location is no hierarchy of culture and that art may borrow from whatever source has been one of the near influential characteristics of Pop Art.
• It could be argued that the Abstract Expressionists searched for trauma in the soul, while Pop artists searched for traces of the same trauma in the mediated world of advertising, cartoons, and popular imagery at large. Just it is perhaps more precise to say that Pop artists were the first to recognize that there is no unmediated access to anything, be it the soul, the natural globe, or the built surround. Pop artists believed everything is inter-connected, and therefore sought to make those connections literal in their artwork.
• Although Pop Art encompasses a wide variety of work with very unlike attitudes and postures, much of it is somewhat emotionally removed. In contrast to the "hot" expression of the gestural abstraction that preceded information technology, Pop Art is by and large "coolly" ambivalent. Whether this suggests an acceptance of the pop world or a shocked withdrawal, has been the subject of much fence.
• Pop artists seemingly embraced the post-World State of war II manufacturing and media boom. Some critics have cited the Popular Art choice of imagery as an enthusiastic endorsement of the capitalist market and the goods it circulated, while others accept noted an element of cultural critique in the Pop artists' superlative of the everyday to high art: tying the commodity status of the goods represented to the status of the fine art object itself, emphasizing art's identify as, at base, a commodity.
• Some of the nearly famous Pop artists began their careers in commercial art: Andy Warhol was a highly successful magazine illustrator and graphic designer; Ed Ruscha was also a graphic designer, and James Rosenquist started his career every bit a billboard painter. Their background in the commercial art world trained them in the visual vocabulary of mass civilization as well as the techniques to seamlessly merge the realms of loftier art and popular civilisation.

Overview of Pop Fine art

From early on innovators in London to later deconstruction of American imagery by the likes of Warhol, Lichtenstein, Rosenquist - the Popular Art motility became i of the nearly thought-afterwards of creative directions.

Key Artists

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  Andy Warhol was an American Pop artist best known for his prints and paintings of consumer goods, celebrities, and photographed disasters. One of the near famous and influential artists of the 1960s, he pioneered compositions and techniques that emphasized repetition and the mechanization of fine art.

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  Roy Lichtenstein was an American painter and a pioneer of the Pop art movement. His signature reproductions of comic book imagery eventually redefined how the art world viewed loftier vs. lowbrow fine art. Lichtenstein employed a unique form of painting called the Benday dot technique, in which small, closely-knit dots of pigment were applied to grade a much larger paradigm.

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  James Rosenquist is an American Pop artist whose paintings feature fragments of faces, cars, consumer goods, and other items in baroque juxtapositions. With their realist rendering and attention to surface textures, his works take up the visual linguistic communication of advertising and entertainment.

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  The Swedish-American artist and architect Claes Oldenburg, an early figure in New York happenings and Pop fine art, is best known for his floppy sculptures and larger-than-life public works of consumer goods, musical instruments, and everyday objects.

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  Eduardo Paolozzi was a Scottish sculptor, printmaker and multi-media artist, and a pioneer in the early development of Popular art. His 1947 print 'I Was a Rich Man's Plaything' is considered the very first work of the movement. He was too a founder of the Independent Group in 1952.

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  Corita Kent, a Catholic nun that became a famous Pop Artist created bold and colorful silkscreen prints that championed social justice causes.

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  Richard Hamilton is an English language painter and collage creative person, and is best known as a founding fellow member of the British Independent Group, which launched the mid-century Popular art move. Hamilton'south 1956 collage 'Just What Is Information technology That Makes Today's Homes So Dissimilar, So Appealing?' is widely considered 1 of the kickoff works of Pop art.

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  Wesselmann was known for his paintings of nudes and his exploration of the female form. He reinterpreted the classic subject of the female nude by breaking the torso downward into its most suggestive elements: lips, nips, and pubes, then juxtaposing information technology with general, consumerist, popular civilization.

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  Sigmar Polke was a High german painter and lensman who founded the painting move Backer Realism with Gerhard Richter and Konrad Fischer. Much of his work is in appropriating the pictorial brusque-hand of advertisement found in much Pop Art and exploring the meaning behind diverse modernist and postmodernist movements.

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  David Hockney is an English painter, photographer, collagist and designer. Hockney's influence was particularly felt during the Pop art movement on the 1960s, yet his work has also suggested mixed media and expressionistic tendencies. Although based in London for most of his career, Hockney'due south most famous paintings occurred during an extended trip to Los Angeles, in which he painted a series of scenes inspired by pond pools.

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  Alex Katz is an American figurative artist associated with the Popular art movement. His works seem elementary, simply according to Katz they are more reductive, which is fitting to his personality. Katz has received numerous accolades throughout his career, and has been the subject of a documentary and numerous publications.

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  American sculptor and painter George Segal is all-time known for his life-size plaster cast figures, often in monochromatic white. He also worked with artists such as John Cage and Allan Kaprow at Rutgers University in the 1950s and 60s; Kaprow's famous "happenings" performances first took place on Segal's farm in New Jersey.

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  Ed Ruscha is recognized as one of the leading figures of Pop art and Conceptualism on the Due west Coast. From his iconic images of gasoline stations to his 'word paintings,' his work is deeply influenced past the graphic arts and deals largely with themes of commercial culture, language, and the mundane.

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  Robert Rauschenberg, a primal effigy in early Popular art, admired the textural quality of Abstruse Expressionism but scorned its emotional pathos. His famous "Combines" are part sculpture, part painting, and part installation.

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  Jasper Johns is an American creative person who rose to prominence in the late 1950s for his multi-media constructions, dubbed by critics as Neo-Dada. Johns' work, including his world-famous targets and American flags series, were important predecessors to Pop art.

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  Peter Blake is a British Pop artist that has fabricated many iconic images including the encompass for the Beatles' Sgt. Pepper'due south Lonely Hearts Guild Band album.

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  Rosalyn Drexler powerfully repurposed media images and is now becoming recognized as a key feminist vox in the Pop Art movement.

Practice Non Miss

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  The Pop fine art movement emerged in Britain before condign enourmously popular in the United States. Early on practitioners such as Eduardo Paolozzi and Richard Hamilton set the scene for the accomplishment of legends such equally Warhol and Lichtenstein.

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  Photorealism is a style of painting that was adult by such artists every bit Chuck Shut, Audrey Flack and Richard Estes. Photorealists often utilize painting techniques to mimic the effects of photography and thus mistiness the line that have typically divided the two mediums.

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  The Uppercase Realists shared a critical stance toward the invasion of American consumerism into West Germany.

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  The artistic history of the US stretches from indigenous fine art and Hudson River School into Contemporary fine art. Savor our guide through the many American movements.

Of import Fine art and Artists of Pop Art

I Was a Rich Human'due south Plaything (1947)

Paolozzi, a Scottish sculptor and artist, was a key member of the British mail-war avant-garde. His collage I Was a Rich Man's Plaything proved an important foundational work for the Pop Art movement, combining pop civilisation documents like a pulp fiction novel comprehend, a Coca-Cola ad, and a military recruitment ad. The work exemplifies the slightly darker tone of British Pop Fine art, which reflected more upon the gap betwixt the glamour and affluence present in American popular civilization and the economic and political hardship of British reality. Every bit a fellow member of the loosely associated Contained Group, Paolozzi emphasized the bear upon of technology and mass civilisation on loftier fine art. His utilize of collage demonstrates the influence of Surrealist and Dadaist photomontage, which Paolozzi implemented to recreate the avalanche of mass media images experienced in everyday life.

Only What Is It That Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Highly-seasoned? (1956)

Artist: Richard Hamilton

Hamilton'south collage was a seminal piece for the development of Pop Art and is oft cited as the very first piece of work of the move. Created for the exhibition This is Tomorrow at London'due south Whitechapel Gallery in 1956, Hamilton's image was used both in the catalogue for the exhibition and on posters advertising it. The collage presents viewers with an updated Adam and Eve (a body-builder and a caricatural dancer) surrounded by all the conveniences modern life provided, including a vacuum cleaner, canned ham, and a television set. Constructed using a diverseness of cutouts from magazine advertisements, Hamilton created a domestic interior scene that both lauded consumerism and critiqued the decadence that was emblematic of the American post-war economic smash years.

President Elect (1960-61)

Artist: James Rosenquist

Like many Pop artists, Rosenquist was fascinated by the popularization of political and cultural figures in mass media. In his painting President Elect, the artist depicts John F. Kennedy's face amid an amalgamation of consumer items, including a yellow Chevrolet and a piece of cake. Rosenquist created a collage with the three elements cutting from their original mass media context, so photograph-realistically recreated them on a monumental scale. As Rosenquist explains, "The face was from Kennedy's campaign poster. I was very interested at that time in people who advertised themselves. Why did they put up an advertizing of themselves? So that was his face. And his promise was one-half a Chevrolet and a piece of stale cake." The large-scale work exemplifies Rosenquist'southward technique of combining discrete images through techniques of blending, interlocking, and juxtaposition, also as his skill at including political and social commentary using popular imagery.

Useful Resources on Pop Art

videos

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  45k views

  The Shock of the New - Pop Art Our Pick

  Art historian Robert Hughes series - episode 7 - Civilisation as Nature

• Popular Become the Women The Other Story of Pop Art

  British historian Alistair Sooke tracks downwardly the forgotten women artists of pop, finding their fine art and their stories ripe for rediscovery. Artists include Pauline Boty, Marisol, Rosalyn Drexler, Idelle Weber, Letty Lou Eisenhauer, and Jann Haworth

Individual Artist Overviews:

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  1.2M views

  Andy Warhol Documentary: The Consummate Moving picture Our Pick

  The definitive, carefully composed, 3 hour documentary on Warhol - and his part in Pop Fine art

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  43k views

  Roy Lichtenstein at the Tate Modern (2013) Our Pick

  Overview of the artist

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  3k views

  James Rosenquist

  Brief overview by British art critic Alastair Sooke

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  87k views

  Claes Oldenburg

  Brief overview by MoMA

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  544k views

  Gerhard Richter

  Gerhard Richter talks about his life and work with Nicholas Serota, Manager of Tate

Fine art History Lectures:

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  1k views

  Critic Christopher Knight @ Smithsonian American Art Museum (SAAM) Our Choice

  Proposes that Warhol's subjects are not virtually pop culture, they are chosen for their very particular, art specific themes

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  1k views

  Leo Castelli: The First Global Gallerist Our Pick

  Professor and historian Annie Cohen-Solal overviews the life and brilliance of Leo Castelli, the gallerist that brought many Pop artists to fame from Rauschenberg to Rosenquist

manufactures

• Pop Art International: Far Beyond Warhol and Lichtenstein Our Selection

  A expect into the varying international aesthetics of the Pop Art movement / By Holland Cotter / The New York Times / February 25, 2016

• Where Are the Bully Women Pop Artists? Our Pick

  By Kim Levin / ARTnews Magazine / Nov i, 2010

• Reconfiguring Popular Our Option

  By Saul Ostrow / Art in American Mag / September i, 2010

• Acme OF THE POPS - Did Andy Warhol change everything? Our Pick

  An extensive look (and investigation) into the life of Andy Warhol, through the context of his personal life and art making practices / By Louis Menand / The New Yorker / Jan 11, 2010

• The Pop Art Era

  By Deborah Solomon / The New York Times / Dec 8, 2009

• Acme 10 ARTnews Stories: The Showtime Word on Pop

  ARTnews Magazine / Nov 1, 2007

• Pop Art Was Function French: Mais Oui! Just Ask Them

  By Alan Riding / The New York Times / April 15, 2001

• The Arts and the Mass Media Our Pick

  Past Lawrence Alloway / Architectural Design & Structure / February 1958

• James Rosenquist, Pop Fine art Pioneer, Dies at 83

  A snapshot of the life, piece of work and inspiration for a Pop Art pioneer / Past Ken Johnson / The New York Times / Apr i, 2017

Content compiled and written by Justin Wolf

Edited and published past The Art Story Contributors

"Pop Art Move Overview and Assay". [Internet]. . TheArtStory.org
Content compiled and written by Justin Wolf
Edited and published by The Art Story Contributors
Available from:
First published on 15 Oct 2012. Updated and modified regularly
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Source: https://www.theartstory.org/movement/pop-art/

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